Ubuchwepheshe obuyi-7 bokusiza ekubuyiseleni nasekuvimbeleni izindawo ezithintekile yizikhukhula

Ochwepheshe bagcizelela ukuthi ukutshala imali ezinhlelweni zokudonsa amanzi ezihlakaniphile, amadamu okugcina amanzi kanye nengqalasizinda eluhlaza kungavikela imiphakathi ezigamekweni ezimbi kakhulu

Izikhukhula ezibuhlungu zakamuva esifundazweni saseBrazil iRio Grande do Sul ziqokomisa isidingo sokuthatha izinyathelo ezisebenzayo zokulungisa izindawo ezithintekile nokuvimbela izinhlekelele zemvelo zesikhathi esizayo. Izikhukhula zibangela umonakalo omkhulu emiphakathini, engqalasizinda kanye nasemvelweni, ziqokomisa ukubaluleka kokuphathwa kwamanzi emvula okuphumelelayo ngobuchwepheshe.

Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokuxhumanisa kubalulekile hhayi nje ekuvuseleleni izindawo ezithintekile, kodwa futhi nasekwakheni ingqalasizinda eqinile.

Ukutshala imali ezinhlelweni zokudonsa amanzi ezihlakaniphile, amadamu okugcina amanzi, kanye nengqalasizinda eluhlaza kungasindisa izimpilo futhi kuvikele imiphakathi. Lezi zinhlelo zokusebenza ezintsha zibalulekile ekugwemeni izinhlekelele ezintsha kanye nokunciphisa umthelela wemvula kanye nezikhukhula.

Nazi ezinye izindlela nezindlela ezingasiza ekulungiseni inhlekelele nokuvimbela izinhlekelele zesikhathi esizayo:

Izinhlelo zokukhipha amanzi ezihlakaniphile: Lezi zinhlelo zisebenzisa izinzwa kanye ne-Internet of Things (IoT) ukuqapha nokulawula ukugeleza kwamanzi ngesikhathi sangempela. Zingalinganisa amazinga amanzi, zithole ukuvinjelwa futhi zivule ngokuzenzakalelayo amaphampu namasango, ziqinisekise ukukhucululwa kwamanzi okusebenzayo nokuvimbela izikhukhula endaweni.
Imikhiqizo iboniswe esithombeni esingezansi

Amadamu: Lawa manzi, angaphansi komhlaba noma avulekile, agcina amanzi amaningi ngesikhathi sezimvula ezinkulu futhi awakhulule kancane ukuze agweme ukulayisha ngokweqile uhlelo lokukhipha amanzi. Lobu buchwepheshe buyasiza ekulawuleni ukugeleza kwamanzi nokunciphisa ingozi yezikhukhula.
Ingqalasizinda yokugcina amanzi emvula: Izixazululo ezifana nophahla oluluhlaza, izingadi, ama-plaza, amapaki ahlotshiswe kahle kanye nemibhede yezimbali yezitshalo nezihlahla, izindlela zokuhamba ezivulekayo, izitezi ezingenalutho ezinotshani phakathi nendawo, kanye nezindawo ezivulekayo zingamunca futhi zigcine amanzi emvula ngaphambi kokuba afike ohlelweni lokukhipha amanzi emadolobheni, kunciphisa umthamo wamanzi angaphezulu kanye nomthwalo engqalasizinda ekhona.
Uhlelo lokuhlukanisa oluqinile: Idivayisi ebekwa endaweni yokuphuma kwepayipi lamanzi emvula ngaphambi kokuba ingene kunethiwekhi yokukhipha amanzi yomphakathi, enhloso yayo ukuhlukanisa nokugcina izinto eziqinile eziqinile nokuzivimbela ukuthi zingangeni epayipini ukuze kugwenywe ukuvaleka kwamapayipi. Amanethiwekhi kanye nokugcwala kwezindawo zamanzi ezithola amanzi (imifula, amachibi kanye namadamu). Izinto eziqinile eziqinile, uma zingagcinwanga, zingadala isithiyo kunethiwekhi yokukhipha amanzi emadolobheni, zivimbele ukugeleza kwamanzi futhi zibangele izikhukhula ezivimba umfula ongaphezulu. Umzimba wamanzi ogcwele uthuli unobubanzi obuphansi bokukhipha amanzi, okungaholela ekwandeni kwezinga lamanzi okudingeka likhishwe amanzi, okungenzeka ligcwale ogwini futhi kubangele izikhukhula.
Ukumodela kwamanzi kanye nokubikezela imvula: Ukusebenzisa amamodeli athuthukile amanzi kanye nokubikezela kwesimo sezulu, izenzakalo zemvula enkulu zingabikezelwa futhi izinyathelo zokuvimbela, njengokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokupompa noma ukuqeda amanzi emachibini, zingathathwa ukunciphisa umthelela wezikhukhula.
Ukuqapha kanye nokuxwayisa: Uhlelo lokuqapha okuqhubekayo amazinga amanzi emifuleni, emiseleni kanye nasemiseleni yamanzi luhlanganiswa nohlelo lokuxwayisa kusenesikhathi ukuze kuxwayiswe abantu kanye neziphathimandla ngengozi yezikhukhula ezayo, okuvumela impendulo esheshayo nephumelelayo.
Izinhlelo zokubuyisela amanzi esiphepho: Ingqalasizinda eqoqa, iphathe futhi isebenzise amanzi esiphepho ngezinhloso ezingezona ezokuphuza, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise inani lamanzi okudingeka alawulwe izinhlelo zokukhipha amanzi futhi inciphise ukucindezeleka ngesikhathi semicimbi yemvula enkulu.
“Lokhu kudinga umzamo ohlangene phakathi kukahulumeni, amabhizinisi kanye nomphakathi, kugcizelelwa isidingo sezinqubomgomo zomphakathi ezisebenzayo kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali okuqhubekayo engqalasizinda kanye nemfundo.” Ukuthatha lezi zinyathelo kungaguqula ukuphathwa kwamanzi emadolobheni futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi amadolobha alungele izehlakalo zesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu.”